Horses have their own way of communicating and while most of their communication takes place through body language, they do have verbal expressions too. Learning to understand what your horse is saying can help you understand how he's feeling and how you should respond.

Groaning: Horses, like humans, sometimes groan; groaning can be an indication of pain so if you are in doubt, have the horse examined by the veterinarian.

Some horses grunt or groan over fences but seem healthy and happy, so there's usually nothing to worry about, it could be a habit but if the horse groans on landing from a fence and pins his ears back or rolls his eyes then something is definitely wrong and the horse is probably in pain and should be checked by the vet.

Horses sometimes groan with certain riders, especially those who thud on their backs like sacks of potatoes. Some horses groan when they think their work is over but if you suspect the horse is groaning due to any discomfort you should have him investigated to rule out any health problems or issues.

Sighing: Horses sometimes sigh by drawing in a deep breath and letting it out slowly through their mouth or nostrils. Sometimes these sighs seem to convey a sigh of relief, for example when the horse is being groomed or massaged. There's a sigh that horses give when they're given repetitive work to do which could signify boredom. If your horse sighs during a training session it could be a cue for you to try something else.

Snorting: A louder version of the equine sigh is the snort or when the horse blows air out of his nostrils so they vibrate. This usually signifies that the horse is excited and the sound is infectious, his stablemates will soon start doing the same. This excitement can escalate and the horse may start to become difficult to manage, signs of this escalation include a head held high, lifted tail and even more snorting.

Snorting can also mean the horse is a bit wary of something, you may notice this when out riding and your horse seems startled by something along the way, horses will sometimes snort at an unfamilliar or threatening object.

Nickering: Nickering is perhaps one of the most pleasant sounds horses make. It usually means the horse is happy and anticipating something nice such as a treat or a carrot. It can also be a sign of affection, mares nicker to their foals. You will notice horses nickering when feeding time approaches and a horse impatient for his food will emit a rapid and high pitched sound.

A soft nicker can also signify that the horse is nervous or apprehensive and when combined with pacing, eye rolling and ears that are flickering back and forth it means the horse is feeling threatened and should be immediately removed from the situation.

Neighing: Neighing can signify anxiety or confidence depending on how the horse is reacting. A horse turned out at pasture may anxiously call to his stablemates. Sweating and agitation accompanied by nervous or high pitched neighing means the horse is anxious. A ringing type of neigh combined with forward pricked ears and bold body carriage usually means the horse is happy and excited.

As you can see horses are always communicating, just because we don't usually understand what they're saying, doesn't mean they're not saying something. Learning to understand your horse's language will strengthen the bond between you.